The question asks to identify the end products of glycolysis, given that ATP is one of them.
Glycolysis Overview
Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose ($C_6H_{12}O_6$) into pyruvate ($C_3H_4O_3$). This process occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and does not require oxygen (anaerobic).
End Products of Glycolysis
The net products yielded from one molecule of glucose undergoing glycolysis are:
- 2 molecules of Pyruvate
- 2 molecules of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) - net gain
- 2 molecules of NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
Therefore, the key end products are ATP, NADH, and pyruvate.
Analysis of Options
- Option 1 ($CO_2$ and $H_2O$): Carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and water ($H_2O$) are end products of aerobic respiration (specifically, the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain), not glycolysis.
- Option 2 ($H_2O$ and pyruvate): Water ($H_2O$) is not a direct end product of the core glycolysis reactions. Pyruvate is an end product.
- Option 3 (NADH and pyruvate): Pyruvate is the final organic molecule produced, and NADH is a crucial electron carrier generated during the pathway. ATP is also produced. This aligns with the known products.
- Option 4 ($CO_2$ and NADH): Carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) is not produced during glycolysis. NADH is a product.
Based on the analysis, NADH and pyruvate are the correct additional end products besides ATP.
Important Questions from Metabolism Glycolysis Nucleotide
- The oxidative phase of the hexose monophosphate pathway generates ________ moles of NADPH per mole of glucose 6-phosphate (answer in integer).
- Which one of the following enzymes is NOT inhibited by glucose-6-phosphate?
- Assume that in the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway, each glucose-6-phosphate molecule generates the following products: 2 molecules of NADPH, 1 molecule of $\text{CO}_2$ and 1 molecule of ribulose-5-phosphate.
If 30 molecules of glucose-6-phosphate enter this pathway, and you randomly draw one molecule from the products of the pathway, the probability that this molecule is NADPH is __________ (round off to one decimal place). - Match the hormones in Group I with their metabolic precursor in Group II
Group I Group II P. 17-$\beta$ estradiol 1. Arachidonic acid Q. Thromboxane A2 2. Tyrosine R. Epinephrine 3. $\beta$-carotene S. Retinoic acid 4. Cholesterol Which of the following statements are TRUE for respiration?
P. The conversion of one molecule of pyruvate to three molecules of $CO_2$ generates four molecules of NADH
Q. Fructose 6-phospate is the principal substrate for glycolysis
R. The oxidation of glucose 6-phosphate to 6-phosphogluconate is the first step in the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway
S. The mitochondrial 'alternative oxidase' provides an alternative pathway for transfer of electrons from ubiquinone to oxygen utilizing proton pumping complex of the respiratory chain
