Group I Group II P. 17-$\beta$ estradiol 1. Arachidonic acid Q. Thromboxane A2 2. Tyrosine R. Epinephrine 3. $\beta$-carotene S. Retinoic acid 4. Cholesterol
Hormone Precursor Matching Explained
This question requires matching hormones listed in Group I with their corresponding metabolic precursors from Group II.
Determining Metabolic Precursors
- P. 17-$\beta$ estradiol: This is a primary female sex hormone, classified as a steroid hormone. Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol. Thus, P matches with 4.
- Q. Thromboxane A2: This is a potent signaling molecule involved in blood clotting and inflammation, belonging to the eicosanoid class. Eicosanoids are derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids, notably arachidonic acid. Thus, Q matches with 1.
- R. Epinephrine: Also known as adrenaline, this hormone is part of the catecholamine family. It is synthesized in the body from the amino acid tyrosine. Thus, R matches with 2.
- S. Retinoic acid: This is a metabolite of Vitamin A. Its synthesis pathway typically starts from carotenoids like $\beta$-carotene. Thus, S matches with 3.
Final Hormone-Precursor Matches
Based on the analysis, the correct pairings are:
- P - 4 (17-$\beta$ estradiol - Cholesterol)
- Q - 1 (Thromboxane A2 - Arachidonic acid)
- R - 2 (Epinephrine - Tyrosine)
- S - 3 (Retinoic acid - $\beta$-carotene)
This combination corresponds to Option 3 (P-4, Q-1, R-2, S-3).
Important Questions from Metabolism Glycolysis Nucleotide
- The oxidative phase of the hexose monophosphate pathway generates ________ moles of NADPH per mole of glucose 6-phosphate (answer in integer).
- Which one of the following enzymes is NOT inhibited by glucose-6-phosphate?
- Assume that in the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway, each glucose-6-phosphate molecule generates the following products: 2 molecules of NADPH, 1 molecule of $\text{CO}_2$ and 1 molecule of ribulose-5-phosphate.
If 30 molecules of glucose-6-phosphate enter this pathway, and you randomly draw one molecule from the products of the pathway, the probability that this molecule is NADPH is __________ (round off to one decimal place). Which of the following statements are TRUE for respiration?
P. The conversion of one molecule of pyruvate to three molecules of $CO_2$ generates four molecules of NADH
Q. Fructose 6-phospate is the principal substrate for glycolysis
R. The oxidation of glucose 6-phosphate to 6-phosphogluconate is the first step in the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway
S. The mitochondrial 'alternative oxidase' provides an alternative pathway for transfer of electrons from ubiquinone to oxygen utilizing proton pumping complex of the respiratory chain
- Phosphoglucose isomerase was incubated with 0.2 M of glucose 6-phosphate. On reaching equilibrium, 55% of glucose 6-phosphate was converted to fructose 6-phosphate. The equilibrium constant for this reaction is ________.
