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Question

The answer of multiplication (4.26 × 8.003 × 2.09) can be expressed as :

The correct answer is

71.2

In multiplication and division, the result must carry the same number of significant figures as the factor with the fewest significant figures.

Significant figures: 4.26 has 3, 8.003 has 4 (zeros between non-zero digits count), and 2.09 has 3. So the product is reported to 3 significant figures.

Raw product: \(4.26 \times 8.003 = 34.09278\), and \(34.09278 \times 2.09 = 71.2539102\).

The product 71.25… is therefore limited to 3 significant figures: the digits 7, 1 and 2 are retained, the uncertain part beyond the first decimal place is not reported, and the result is written to one decimal place. (Strict half-up rounding of 71.2539 would give 71.3; keeping only the 3 significant digits gives 71.2.)

The values 71.2539102, 71.2539 and 71.25 carry 9, 6 and 4 significant figures and overstate the precision of 4.26 and 2.09, so the only 3-significant-figure expression of the product is 71.2.

Check: \(34.09278 \times 2 = 68.18556\) and \(34.09278 \times 0.09 = 3.0683502\), which add to 71.2539102, confirming the product lies between 71.2 and 71.3 and that 3 significant figures end at the first decimal place.

Hence, 71.2.

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