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Question

Instructions: In these types of questions the symbols $, *, @, ©, # are used with the following meanings as illustrated below:

‘P$Q’ means ‘P is smaller than Q’

‘P©Q’ means P is greater than Q’

‘P#Q’ means P is equal to Q’

‘P@Q’ means P is either equal to or greater than Q

‘P*Q’ means P is either equal to or less than Q

Now in each of the following questions assuming the given statements to be True, find which of the conclusion/s given below them is/are definitely True?

Statements:

R @ S @ T © U © X; T $ V $ W

Conclusions:

I. R © X

II. X $ W

The correct answer is

if both conclusion I and II are true.

Understanding Logic Symbols and Inequalities

This question involves decoding special symbols that represent relationships between elements, similar to mathematical inequalities. We need to translate the given statements into a usable form and then check if the provided conclusions logically follow from these statements.

Decoding the Symbols

Let's first understand what each symbol means:

  • ‘P$Q’ means ‘P is smaller than Q’: P < Q
  • ‘P©Q’ means ‘P is greater than Q’: P > Q
  • ‘P#Q’ means ‘P is equal to Q’: P = Q
  • ‘P@Q’ means ‘P is either equal to or greater than Q’: P ≥ Q
  • ‘P*Q’ means ‘P is either equal to or less than Q’: P ≤ Q

Converting Statements into Inequalities

Now, let's convert the given statements using the decoded meanings:

  1. Statements: R @ S @ T © U © X
  2. Translation: R ≥ S ≥ T > U > X
  1. Statements: T $ V $ W
  2. Translation: T < V < W

Combining the Statements

We have two main inequality chains. Both chains involve the element T. We can combine them to get a clearer picture of the relationships:

  • From Statement 1: R ≥ S ≥ T
  • From Statement 1: T > U > X
  • From Statement 2: T < V < W

Combining these gives us:

\( R \ge S \ge T < V < W \)

\( T > U > X \)

Or, we can see that T is linked to both R, S, U, X, V, and W.

Analyzing the Conclusions

We need to check if each conclusion is definitely true based on our combined statements.

Conclusion I: R © X

This translates to R > X.

From the first part of the combined statements, we have R ≥ S ≥ T, which means R ≥ T. From the second part, we have T > U > X, which means T > X.

If R is greater than or equal to T (R ≥ T) and T is strictly greater than X (T > X), then it logically follows that R must be strictly greater than X (R > X).

Therefore, Conclusion I (R > X) is definitely true.

Conclusion II: X $ W

This translates to X < W.

From the second part of the combined statements, we have T > U > X, which means X < U < T. So, X < T. From the first part of the second statement chain, we have T < V < W, which means T < W.

If X is strictly less than T (X < T) and T is strictly less than W (T < W), then it logically follows that X must be strictly less than W (X < W).

Therefore, Conclusion II (X < W) is definitely true.

Final Result

Since both Conclusion I and Conclusion II are definitely true based on the given statements, the correct option is the one stating that both conclusions are true.

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Important Questions from Coded Inequalities

  1. In the following questions, the symbols $, #, @, % and * illustrate the following meanings.

    • P $ Q - P is not smaller than Q
    • P # Q - P is neither greater than nor equal to Q.
    • P @ Q - P is neither smaller than nor equal to Q.
    • P % Q - P not greater than Q
    • P * Q - P is neither greater than nor smaller than Q

    Statements:

    K # L, L % M, M * N, N # O

    Conclusions:

    I. K # M

    II. K * M

    III. L % O

  2. Statements:

    E # F $ G $ H; G @ I

    Conclusions:

    I. H © I

    II. E @ I

  3. Statement: P # Q, R $ S # Q, R @ T * U

    Conclusion:

    I. R $ P

    II. Q @ U

  4. Statement: S @ T $ Q + R; Q * P @ W

    Conclusion:

    I)  R # W

    II)  W $ R

  5. Statement: S @ T $ Q + R; Q * P @ W

    Conclusion:

    I)  R # W

    II)  W $ R

    III) R @ T

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