In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank. Centuries ago, Aryabhata, one of the most famous Indian mathematicians and astronomers (1)__________ the concept of zero, the base of the present (2)_______ system. With time, zero became a stepping stone to (3)_______ simplified computations, (4)______ the ways for development of algebra, algorithms and calculus, three pillars of modern mathematics, while eventually laying the (5)______ for computers.
Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 5.
foundation
The correct answer is foundation.
The passage discusses the historical impact of the concept of zero, tracing its influence from its inception by Aryabhata to its crucial role in the development of modern mathematics and computing. The phrase "laying the ______ for computers" requires a word that signifies the groundwork or basis upon which something is built. "Foundation" perfectly fits this context, suggesting that zero provided the essential underlying structure for the development of computers. The other options are less suitable. "Activation" implies starting something, "creation" is too general, and "origin" while related, lacks the specific implication of providing a structural base.
The sentence implies a causal relationship between the discovery of zero and the eventual creation of computers. The word "foundation" best captures this relationship, highlighting zero's role as a fundamental building block for the development of modern computational technology. The sentence describes a process of development, and "foundation" accurately describes the foundational role zero plays in enabling this progression. Therefore, "foundation" is the most fitting and precise word to convey the crucial role of zero in the history of computing.
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Important Questions from Sentence Construction
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(S1) The Central Indian Highlands known as the Vindhyan Mountains occupy a large basin extending from Chittorgarh in the west to Sasaram and Dehri-on-Sone in the east. (S6) The Panna District of Madhya Pradesh and the Kurnool District of Andhra Pradesh are well-known for diamond production. (P) One branch of the basin extends from Sasaram to Hoshangabad. (Q) In some of the exposures of the Vindhyan Systems are found diamond-bearing conglomerates. (R) This branch of this basin occupies a large continuous area stretching over one lakh square kilometre from the Chambal to the Sone. (S) Several isolated exposures of sedimentary rocks occur in the Bastar area of Chhattisgarh.
(S1) Drought is a continuous and lengthy period during which no significant rainfall is recorded during the rainy season. (S6) In India, droughts are more frequent in the areas where the average annual rainfall is less than 60 cm and the variability of rainfall is over 20 per cent. (P) This definition however, does not apply to Mawsymram and Cherra-punji, where even one week recording less than 0.25 mm of rainfall may be considered as a drought period. (Q) In general, the areas recording less than 60 cm of rainfall annually and in which the variability of rainfall is more than 20 per cent are the drought prone areas in India. (R) In India, the Meteorological Department has defined drought as a period of at least 22 consecutive days on none of which is there more than 0.25 mm of rainfall. (S) Areas where the variability of rainfall varies between 20 to 60 per cent are the chronic drought prone areas.
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