The question asks for the term that describes the rewards and punishments linked to how individuals fulfill their role expectations within a social group.
Sanctions are social mechanisms used to enforce norms and expectations. They can be positive (rewards) for conforming behavior or negative (punishments) for deviating behavior. This directly matches the definition required by the question.
While related, the other terms do not specifically define the rewards and punishments themselves:
Therefore, sanctions are the specific terms for the rewards and punishments associated with role expectations.
| List-I | List-II |
| a. Primary group | i. Summer, W.G. |
| b. Reference group | ii. Bierstedt, Robert |
| c. In-groups and Out-groups | iii. Hyman, R |
| d. Organised group | iv. Charles Cooley |