Analyzing Maratha Relations with Nizam ul Mulk

This question requires evaluating the accuracy of four statements concerning the interactions between the Marathas and Nizam ul Mulk, a key figure in the Mughal Deccan.

Statement Assessment

• Statement (A): This statement is considered incorrect. While Nizam ul Mulk served as Viceroy of the Deccan, his period of direct Viceroyalty relevant to the Maratha claims of Chauth and Sardeshmukhi largely occurred after 1713. The formal imperial farman granting these rights to the Marathas was issued in 1719. Therefore, Nizam ul Mulk's resistance in the specific 1710-1715 timeframe, as Viceroy, concerning these established claims is inaccurate.
• Statement (B): This statement is considered correct. After Nizam ul Mulk's successful rebellion against the Sayyid brothers and his consolidation of power in the Deccan (around 1720-1722), he had to contend with the existing imperial farman (1719) that granted the Chauth and Sardeshmukhi of the Deccan to the Marathas. Although he later attempted to evade these rights, leading to conflicts, the statement implies an initial acknowledgment or respect for the imperial decree itself.
• Statement (C): This statement is considered correct. Historical records confirm that Nizam ul Mulk Asaf Jah I met with the prominent Maratha leader, Peshwa Bajirao I, in January 1721. This meeting took place near Ahmedabad and marked a significant interaction between the two powers.
• Statement (D): This statement is considered correct. A significant source of conflict between the Marathas and Nizam ul Mulk stemmed from territorial disputes and the struggle for revenue rights, particularly in the Deccan region and extending into the important Carnatic (Karnatak) territories. Both powers vied for control and influence in these areas.

Conclusion on Correct Statements

Based on the assessment, statements (B), (C), and (D) are identified as correct descriptions of the Maratha relations with Nizam ul Mulk.

The correct option is (B), (C) and (D) only.