List - I (Source) List - II (Major idea) (a) Jainism (i) Catholicity of outlook (b) Vaishnavism (ii) Contempt for industrial civilization and ideas on passive resistance (c) Ruskin and Tolstoy (iii) Idealism and concern for moral values (d) Plato (iv) Emphasis on Non-violence
Gandhi's Influences: Matching Sources and Ideas
This section details the correspondence between various sources that profoundly influenced Mahatma Gandhi and the core ideas derived from them, as presented in List-I and List-II.
Matching Sources with Major Ideas
The connections between the sources and their corresponding major ideas are as follows:
- Jainism (List-I a): This ancient Indian religion strongly emphasizes Ahimsa, or Non-violence (List-II iv), which became a cornerstone of Gandhi's philosophy.
- Vaishnavism (List-I b): This devotional tradition within Hinduism influenced Gandhi with its emphasis on devotion and an inclusive spiritual outlook, reflecting Catholicity of outlook (List-II i).
- Ruskin and Tolstoy (List-I c): The works of John Ruskin (like 'Unto This Last') and Leo Tolstoy deeply impacted Gandhi, fostering ideas such as a Contempt for industrial civilization and developing concepts of passive resistance (List-II ii).
- Plato (List-I d): The philosophical ideas of Plato, particularly from 'The Republic', influenced Gandhi's thinking on Idealism and the importance of concern for moral values (List-II iii) in governance and society.
Final Correct Matching
Synthesizing the analysis, the accurate alignment of List-I (Sources) with List-II (Major ideas) is:
(a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)
Important Questions from Indian Political Thought
Kautilya's Arthashastra describes (aspects of):
Which of the following statements is not associated with Mahatma Gandhi?
A. 'Non-violence is the law of our species as violence is the law of the brute'.
B. 'A nation that is capable of limitless sacrifices is capable of rising to limitless height'.
C. The injuction 'love your enemies' is not only the noblest idealism, it is also the most practical politics.
D. To be same in a world of mad men is itself a form of madness'
E. 'My nationalism is intense internationalism'
Who among the following gave the philosophy of Integral Humanism?
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: 'Ahimsa' was complementary to Gandhi's model of conflict resolution that was certainly the most original and creative model of social change and political action.
Reason R: This was a theory of politics that gradually became the dominant ideology of a national political movement in which Gandhi reigned supreme.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Which of the following were the central topics of the concept of 'Dharma and Karma' in ancient India?
