Matching Landmark Indian Supreme Court Cases

This section details the matching of significant Supreme Court cases from List-I with their respective legal domains in List-II.

Case (a): M. Nagaraj vs Union of India

This judgment concerned the constitutional amendments enabling reservations in promotions for Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST). The court stipulated conditions for implementing such reservations.

Correct Match: (a) – (ii) To provide reservations in promotions for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes

Case (b): Indira Sawhney vs Union of India

Renowned as the Mandal Commission case, this ruling upheld reservations for Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in public employment. It notably introduced the 'creamy layer' principle to exclude the affluent sections of OBCs.

Correct Match: (b) – (iii) Application of creamy layer to O.B.C. quota

Case (c): Mohini Jain vs State of Karnataka

The Supreme Court declared the right to education as fundamental. This case specifically addressed the issue of capitation fees charged by private professional colleges, stating they violated this right.

Correct Match: (c) – (iv) On capitation fees

Case (d): A.K. Roy vs Union of India

This case involved a challenge to the constitutional validity of the National Security Act, 1980. The Court upheld the Act but emphasized safeguards for personal liberty against preventive detention.

Correct Match: (d) – (i) Case on National Security

Final Answer Synthesis

Combining the matches derived from the analysis:

• M. Nagaraj vs Union of India relates to SC/ST promotions in government jobs (ii).
• Indira Sawhney vs Union of India concerns the creamy layer in OBC quotas (iii).
• Mohini Jain vs State of Karnataka addresses capitation fees in education (iv).
• A.K. Roy vs Union of India pertains to the National Security Act (i).

The correct sequence is therefore (a)–(ii), (b)–(iii), (c)–(iv), (d)–(i).