Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists:
List I (Congenital malformation syndrome) List II (Congenital heart defect) A. Foetal alcohol syndrome 1. Bicuspid aortic valve B. Turner’s syndrome 2. Endocardial cushion defect C. Down syndrome 3. Pulmonary stenosis D. Congenital rubella syndrome 4. Ventricular septal defect
A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3
Matching Congenital Syndromes with Heart Defects
The question requires matching specific congenital malformation syndromes from List I with their commonly associated congenital heart defects from List II.
Syndrome-Defect Associations Explained:
- A. Foetal alcohol syndrome: This condition is known to be associated with several heart defects. A significant association is with Ventricular Septal Defect (4).
- B. Turner’s syndrome: Individuals with Turner’s syndrome often have cardiovascular abnormalities. A notable defect is Bicuspid aortic valve (1).
- C. Down syndrome: This genetic disorder has a high incidence of congenital heart disease, with Endocardial cushion defect (2) (also known as Atrioventricular Septal Defect) being particularly common.
- D. Congenital rubella syndrome: If a mother contracts rubella early in pregnancy, the foetus can develop congenital defects. Associated heart defects include Pulmonary stenosis (3).
Correct Matching:
Based on the established medical associations:
- A matches with 4 (Ventricular septal defect)
- B matches with 1 (Bicuspid aortic valve)
- C matches with 2 (Endocardial cushion defect)
- D matches with 3 (Pulmonary stenosis)
This combination (A/4, B/1, C/2, D/3) corresponds to Option 4.
Important Questions from Congenital Disorders
Which of the following is NOT a maternal risk factor for the development of a neural tube defect?
- Trisomy 13 is also known as:
- Which one of the following is a type of glycogen storage disease?
Which of the following biochemical tests for the detection of aneuploidies is performed in the first trimester of pregnancy?
Which of the following is NOT a birth defect related to a disorder in the development of the whole eyeball?
