Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists: List I ( Type of climate ) List II ( State ) A. Monsoon with Short Dry Season (Amw) 1. Uttar Pradesh and Bihar B. Cold Humid Winter with Short Summer (Dfc) 2. Tamil Nadu Coast C. Monsoon with Dry Winter (Cwg) 3. Arunachal Pradesh D. Monsoon with Dry Summer (As) 4. Kerala and Karnataka Coast
A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2
Let's analyze the given question which asks us to match different types of climates in India with the states or regions where they are typically found. This is based on the Köppen-Geiger climate classification system, which uses codes like Amw, Dfc, Cwg, and As to represent distinct climate types.
We are given two lists:
List I (Type of climate)
- A. Monsoon with Short Dry Season (Amw)
- B. Cold Humid Winter with Short Summer (Dfc)
- C. Monsoon with Dry Winter (Cwg)
- D. Monsoon with Dry Summer (As)
List II (State/Region)
- Uttar Pradesh and Bihar
- Tamil Nadu Coast
- Arunachal Pradesh
- Kerala and Karnataka Coast
Let's examine each climate type and identify the region in List II that matches its characteristics in the Indian context.
| Climate Type (List I) | Characteristics | Matching Region (List II) | Reasoning |
|---|---|---|---|
| A. Amw (Monsoon with Short Dry Season) | Tropical monsoon climate with a distinct short dry season, but total annual rainfall is high. | 4. Kerala and Karnataka Coast | This climate is characteristic of the west coast of India, south of Goa. The heavy rainfall occurs during the monsoon season, followed by a short dry period. Kerala and the Karnataka Coast experience this type of climate. |
| B. Dfc (Cold Humid Winter with Short Summer) | Continental climate with very cold, snowy winters and cool, short summers. | 3. Arunachal Pradesh | This climate type is found in high-altitude regions. Arunachal Pradesh, located in the Eastern Himalayas, has areas with very cold, humid winters and short, mild summers, fitting the Dfc description for high elevations. |
| C. Cwg (Monsoon with Dry Winter) | Subtropical monsoon climate with dry winters, hot summers, and significant rainfall during the monsoon season. | 1. Uttar Pradesh and Bihar | This climate type is prevalent across the Indo-Gangetic plains. States like Uttar Pradesh and Bihar experience a dry winter (low rainfall), hot summers, and receive most of their annual rainfall during the summer monsoon. |
| D. As (Monsoon with Dry Summer) | Tropical monsoon climate characterized by dry summers and wet winters. This is unusual for most of India where the summer is wet. | 2. Tamil Nadu Coast | The Tamil Nadu coast, particularly the Coromandel coast, receives most of its rainfall during the Northeast Monsoon (October to December), which is during the cooler/winter months, while the summer months (June to September) are relatively dry. This pattern matches the As climate type. |
Based on this analysis, the correct matchings are:
- A matches with 4
- B matches with 3
- C matches with 1
- D matches with 2
Putting these together, we get A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2.
Therefore, the option that represents this combination of matchings is the correct one.
Revision Table: Indian Climate Types and Regions
Let's summarise the key climate types and their corresponding regions in India as discussed.
| Köppen Climate Code | Climate Type Description | Region in India |
|---|---|---|
| Amw | Tropical Monsoon (Short Dry Winter) | Kerala and Karnataka Coast |
| Dfc | Cold Humid Winter, Short Summer | High altitudes in Arunachal Pradesh |
| Cwg | Monsoon with Dry Winter (Subtropical Monsoon) | Uttar Pradesh and Bihar (Ganga Plains) |
| As | Monsoon with Dry Summer | Tamil Nadu Coast |
Additional Information on Köppen Climate Classification in India
The Köppen-Geiger classification is a widely used system that divides climates into five main groups based on vegetation characteristics, which are largely determined by temperature and precipitation. These groups are A (Tropical), B (Dry), C (Temperate), D (Continental), and E (Polar).
Subtypes are defined by seasonal precipitation and temperature patterns. For India, key types include:
- A (Tropical Climates): Found in southern parts.
- Af (Tropical Rainforest): Very wet all year. (Found in small pockets).
- Am (Tropical Monsoon): Short dry season, but very high rainfall. (West coast, Andaman & Nicobar). 'w' indicates dry winter.
- Aw/As (Tropical Savanna/Monsoon with Dry Summer): Distinct wet and dry seasons. 'w' indicates dry winter, 's' indicates dry summer.
- B (Dry Climates): Found in western parts.
- BWh (Hot Desert): Thar Desert.
- BSh (Hot Semi-arid): Parts of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, Deccan Plateau.
- C (Temperate Climates): Found in the Indo-Gangetic Plain and parts of the Himalayas lower altitudes.
- Cwg (Monsoon with Dry Winter): Most of the North Indian Plains.
- D (Continental Climates): Found in the Himalayan region at higher altitudes.
- Dfc, Dwb, etc.: Cold winters, varying summer temperatures and precipitation.
- E (Polar Climates): Found in the highest altitudes of the Himalayas.
- ET (Tundra) and EF (Ice Cap).
Understanding these classifications helps in comprehending the diverse climatic regions across India and how they influence agriculture, lifestyle, and ecosystems.
Important Questions from Indian Climate
According to Koppen's climatic classifications, the Great Northern Plains of India have which one of the following climates?
According to the Indian Meteorological Department, which of the following is/are the feature/features of cloudburst?
1. Heavy precipitation in short period of time in a limited geographical area
2. It occurs generally during monsoon period and triggers flash flood and landslides
Select the correct answer using the code given below.Which of the following are correct with regard to Indian Monsoonal Rainfall?
1. Largely governed by the topographical features
2. Regional and seasonal variation in the distribution of rainfall
3. Heavy downpour resulting in considerable runoff
4. Beginning and end of rain is regular and on time
Select the correct answer using the code given below:In India, maximum amount of rainfall is received from
Which of the following is correctly matched?
