The series is given by $\alpha = 3 + 4 + 8 + 9 + 13 + 14 + \dots$ up to 40 terms.
Group the terms into pairs: $(3+4) + (8+9) + (13+14) + \dots$. This gives 20 pairs.
The sums of these pairs form a new sequence: $7, 17, 27, \dots$.
This sequence is an arithmetic progression (AP) with the first term $A_1 = 7$ and the common difference $D = 10$. There are $n = 20$ terms in this AP.
Use the AP sum formula $S_n = \frac{n}{2}(2A_1 + (n-1)D)$.
\(\alpha = S_{20} = \frac{20}{2}(2(7) + (20-1)10)\)
\(\alpha = 10(14 + 19 \times 10)\)
\(\alpha = 10(14 + 190)\)
\(\alpha = 10(204) = 2040\)
The equation is $x^2 + x - 2 = 0$.
Factor the equation: \((x+2)(x-1) = 0\).
The roots are $x = 1$ and $x = -2$.
We are given that $(\tan\beta)^{\frac{\alpha}{1020}}$ is a root.
Calculate the exponent: $\frac{\alpha}{1020} = \frac{2040}{1020} = 2$.
Therefore, $(\tan\beta)^2$ is a root of the equation.
This means $(\tan\beta)^2 = 1$ or $(\tan\beta)^2 = -2$.
Given $\beta \in \left(0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right)$, $\tan\beta$ must be positive.
The possibility $(\tan\beta)^2 = -2$ is discarded as squares of real numbers are non-negative.
So, $(\tan\beta)^2 = 1$.
Since $\tan\beta > 0$, we have $\tan\beta = \sqrt{1} = 1$.
For $\tan\beta = 1$ and $\beta \in \left(0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right)$, we have $\beta = \frac{\pi}{4}$.
We need to evaluate $\sin^2\beta + 3\cos^2\beta$.
At $\beta = \frac{\pi}{4}$, $\sin\beta = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$ and $\cos\beta = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$.
Then, $\sin^2\beta = \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2 = \frac{1}{2}$ and $\cos^2\beta = \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2 = \frac{1}{2}$.
Substitute these values:
\(\sin^2\beta + 3\cos^2\beta = \frac{1}{2} + 3\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(= \frac{1}{2} + \frac{3}{2}\)
\(= \frac{4}{2} = 2\)
Let f and g be functions satisfying $f(x+y) = f(x)f(y), f(1) = 7$ and $g(x+y) = g(xy), g(1) = 1$, for all $x, y \in \mathbb{N}$. If $\sum_{x=1}^{n} \left(\frac{f(x)}{g(x)}\right) = 19607$, then n is equal to :
Let S be the set of the first 11 natural numbers. Then the number of elements in $A = \{B \subseteq S : n(B) \geq 2$ and the product of all elements of B is even is ________.