In which amendment to the constitution were the Bodo, Dogri, Santhali and Maithli added to the list of recognised languages?
92nd Constitution Amendment Act of 2003
Indian Constitution: Adding Recognised Languages
The question asks about the specific amendment to the Indian Constitution that included four languages, namely Bodo, Dogri, Santhali, and Maithili, in the list of recognised languages.
The list of recognised languages in India is contained in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution. Initially, the Eighth Schedule listed 14 languages. Over time, more languages were added through various constitutional amendments.
Let's examine the options provided:
- 73rd Constitution Amendment Act of 1992: This amendment is significant as it provided constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj institutions in India. It is not related to the Eighth Schedule languages.
- 92nd Constitution Amendment Act of 2003: This amendment is directly related to the Eighth Schedule. It added four new languages to the list: Bodo, Dogri, Santhali, and Maithili. With this amendment, the total number of recognised languages increased from 18 to 22.
- 103rd Constitution Amendment Act, 2018: This amendment provided 10% reservation in government jobs and educational institutions for the Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) in the general category. It is not related to languages.
- 101st Constitution Amendment Act, 2016: This landmark amendment introduced the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India. It is a tax reform amendment and not related to languages.
Based on the analysis of the amendments, the 92nd Constitution Amendment Act of 2003 is the one that added Bodo, Dogri, Santhali, and Maithili to the list of recognised languages in the Eighth Schedule.
Details of the 92nd Constitution Amendment Act, 2003
The 92nd Amendment aimed to update the list of official languages of India by including languages that had significant speakers but were not previously recognised by the Constitution. The inclusion of Bodo, Dogri, Santhali, and Maithili was a step towards recognising the linguistic diversity of the country and granting these languages official status, which can lead to various benefits like representation in official examinations and recognition by Sahitya Akademi.
Summary of Key Amendments and their Purpose
| Amendment Act | Year | Key Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| 73rd Amendment | 1992 | Constitutional status to Panchayati Raj institutions |
| 92nd Amendment | 2003 | Added Bodo, Dogri, Santhali, Maithili to Eighth Schedule |
| 101st Amendment | 2016 | Introduction of Goods and Services Tax (GST) |
| 103rd Amendment | 2018 | 10% reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) |
Revision Table: Constitution Amendments
| Amendment | Year | Impact on Recognised Languages |
|---|---|---|
| 92nd Amendment | 2003 | Added Bodo, Dogri, Santhali, Maithili to the Eighth Schedule. Total languages became 22. |
| Other Language-Related Amendments | Varies | Earlier amendments (like 21st and 71st) also added languages. |
Additional Information: Eighth Schedule Languages
The Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution lists the languages recognised by the Republic of India. The purpose of this schedule is to provide a basis for selecting representatives for the Official Languages Committee and for the languages from which the UPSC civil services examination papers are selected.
Originally, the schedule had 14 languages. Languages added later through amendments are:
- Sindhi (21st Amendment Act, 1967)
- Konkani, Manipuri (Meitei), Nepali (71st Amendment Act, 1992)
- Bodo, Dogri, Santhali, Maithili (92nd Amendment Act, 2003)
Currently, there are 22 recognised languages in the Eighth Schedule.
Important Questions from Other Dimensions
Consider the following statements with reference to the Bhoodan Movement:
1. Vinoba Bhave organized "The Sarvodaya Samaj' to take up the work of non-violent transformation in India
2. Jayaprakash Narayan withdrew from active politics to join the Bhoodan Movement in 1953
3. In the wake of the Bhoodan Movement the first donation of land was made in the village of Pochampalli in Telangana
How many of the statements given above is/are correct?
In April 2017, India celebrated 100 years of Mahatma Gandhi's
The authorities of which country denied the permission to land the ship Komagata Maru, carrying Indians?
Moplahs, or Muslim peasants, created a powerful anti-zamindar movement in:
Where was the first All-India Kisan Sabha formed?
