The question asks for the maximum permissible depth of a vertical excavation in clayey soil. We are given:
The goal is to find the maximum depth ($H$) for stability.
For a vertical cut in clayey soil, the relationship between cohesion, unit weight, depth, and stability number is given by:
$c = S_n \times \gamma \times H$To find the maximum depth ($H$), we rearrange the formula:
$H = \frac{c}{S_n \times \gamma}$Now, substitute the given values:
$H = \frac{100 \text{ kN/m}^2}{0.3 \times 15 \text{ kN/m}^3}$ $H = \frac{100}{4.5} \text{ m}$ $H \approx 22.22 \text{ m}$The maximum depth of excavation for the vertical face to remain stable is approximately $22.22 \text{ m}$.
Morgenthau's principles of political realism are:
A. Politics is rooted in permanent and unchanging human nature which is basically self centred, self-regarding and self-interested
B. Politics is an autonomous sphere of action and cannot therefore be reduced to morals
C. International Politics is an arena of conflicting self-interests
D. The ethics of international relations is situational ethics which is very different from private morality
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Who among the following political thinkers consider the anarchical self help system to be a compelling factor for States to maximise their relative power positions?