Decoding the Code Language Puzzle

The problem presents a coding language where words are coded into numbers based on a specific rule. We are given two examples: PHONE is coded as 78, and MOON is coded as 52. Our task is to find the code for the word PLAN using the same logic.

Analyzing the Given Codes: PHONE and MOON

Let's look at the letters in the words and their standard alphabetical positions:

• P: 16
• H: 8
• O: 15
• N: 14
• E: 5

Sum of standard positions for PHONE = ${16 + 8 + 15 + 14 + 5 = 58}$. This does not match 78.

Let's consider the reverse alphabetical positions (where A=26, B=25, ..., Z=1):

• P: ${26 - 16 + 1 = 11}$
• H: ${26 - 8 + 1 = 19}$
• O: ${26 - 15 + 1 = 12}$
• N: ${26 - 14 + 1 = 13}$
• E: ${26 - 5 + 1 = 22}$

Sum of reverse positions for PHONE = ${11 + 19 + 12 + 13 + 22 = 77}$. This is very close to 78. It seems we might need to add 1 to the sum.

Let's test this potential rule (Sum of reverse alphabetical positions + 1) with the word MOON:

• M: ${26 - 13 + 1 = 14}$
• O: ${26 - 15 + 1 = 12}$
• O: ${26 - 15 + 1 = 12}$
• N: ${26 - 14 + 1 = 13}$

Sum of reverse positions for MOON = ${14 + 12 + 12 + 13 = 51}$.

Adding 1 to the sum: ${51 + 1 = 52}$. This matches the given code for MOON.

Identifying the Coding Rule

Based on the analysis of PHONE and MOON, the rule for coding words into numbers is:

Code = (Sum of reverse alphabetical positions of all letters in the word) + 1

Applying the Rule to PLAN

Now, let's apply this rule to find the code for the word PLAN.

Find the reverse alphabetical position for each letter in PLAN:

• P: ${26 - 16 + 1 = 11}$
• L: ${26 - 12 + 1 = 15}$
• A: ${26 - 1 + 1 = 26}$
• N: ${26 - 14 + 1 = 13}$

Calculate the sum of these reverse positions:

Sum for PLAN = ${11 + 15 + 26 + 13 = 65}$.

Finally, add 1 to the sum:

Code for PLAN = ${65 + 1 = 66}$.

Therefore, the word PLAN is coded as 66 in this language.

Revision Table: Code Language Logic

Additional Information: Letter Coding in Reasoning

Letter coding is a common type of question in reasoning sections of competitive exams. It involves assigning codes to letters based on various rules. Understanding these rules helps in cracking the code for a new word. Common rules include:

• Using standard alphabetical positions (A=1, B=2, ...).
• Using reverse alphabetical positions (A=26, B=25, ...).
• Adding or subtracting a fixed number from the positions.
• Multiplying or dividing the positions.
• Summing the positions (standard or reverse).
• Applying different rules to vowels and consonants.
• Interchanging letters or blocks of letters.

Practicing different types of letter coding problems helps improve pattern recognition and problem-solving skills.