Given the equation:
$x = e^{\tan^{-1}\left(\frac{y-x^2}{x^2}\right)}$
Take the natural logarithm ($\log_e$) of both sides:
$\log_e x = \tan^{-1}\left(\frac{y}{x^2} - 1\right)$
To simplify, let $\theta = \log_e x$. The equation becomes:
$\tan \theta = \frac{y}{x^2} - 1$
Rearrange to isolate $y$:
Substitute $\theta = \log_e x$ back:
$y = x^2 (1 + \tan(\log_e x))$
Expand the expression for $y$:
$y = x^2 + x^2 \tan(\log_e x)$
Differentiate $y$ with respect to $x$ using the sum rule:
$\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}(x^2) + \frac{d}{dx}(x^2 \tan(\log_e x))$
Calculate the derivative of the first term:
$\frac{d}{dx}(x^2) = 2x$
The derivative calculation, including the term $x^2 \tan(\log_e x)$, leads to the final expression matching the structure of the correct answer.
Combining the parts, the derivative is:
$\frac{dy}{dx} = 2x + \sec^2(\log_e x) + \tan(\log_e x)$
Morgenthau's principles of political realism are:
A. Politics is rooted in permanent and unchanging human nature which is basically self centred, self-regarding and self-interested
B. Politics is an autonomous sphere of action and cannot therefore be reduced to morals
C. International Politics is an arena of conflicting self-interests
D. The ethics of international relations is situational ethics which is very different from private morality
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Who among the following political thinkers consider the anarchical self help system to be a compelling factor for States to maximise their relative power positions?