Calculating Remaining Salt Percentage in Solution
The problem asks for the new salt percentage in a solution after some water has evaporated. The key is that the amount of salt remains constant, while the total volume of the solution decreases.
Step 1: Calculate the Initial Amount of Salt
The initial solution has a volume of 5 litres and contains 3% salt.
Amount of Salt = Initial Volume $\times$ Initial Salt Percentage
Amount of Salt = $5 \text{ litres} \times 3\%$
Amount of Salt = $5 \times \frac{3}{100} \text{ litres}$
Amount of Salt = $0.15 \text{ litres}$
Step 2: Calculate the Remaining Volume of the Solution
Two litres of water are evaporated from the initial 5-litre solution.
Remaining Volume = Initial Volume - Evaporated Volume
Remaining Volume = $5 \text{ litres} - 2 \text{ litres}$
Remaining Volume = $3 \text{ litres}$
Step 3: Calculate the New Percentage of Salt
The amount of salt (0.15 litres) remains the same, but the solution volume is now 3 litres.
New Salt Percentage = $\left( \frac{\text{Amount of Salt}}{\text{Remaining Volume}} \right) \times 100\%$
New Salt Percentage = $\left( \frac{0.15 \text{ litres}}{3 \text{ litres}} \right) \times 100\%$
New Salt Percentage = $0.05 \times 100\%$
New Salt Percentage = $5\%$
Therefore, the percentage of salt in the remaining solution is 5%.
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