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If $r \cdot v$ $X \sim N(0, 1)$ then $E\left( \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}} \int_{-\infty}^{x} e^{-z^2/2} \mathrm{dz} \right)$ equals to

This question was previously asked in
CUET PG 2026 Agri-Business Management Question Paper (25-Mar-2026) (Shift 2)
The correct answer is
$\frac{1}{2}$

To solve this question, we need to understand the components involved:

  • The expression given inside the expectation, \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}} \int_{-\infty}^{x} e^{-z^2/2} \, \mathrm{dz}\), is the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the standard normal distribution, which is commonly denoted as \(\Phi(x)\).
  • The problem states that \(r \cdot v \, X \sim N(0, 1)\). Here, \(X\) represents a standard normally distributed random variable, meaning it follows \(\mathcal{N}(0, 1)\).
  • Since \(X\) is standard normal, \(\Phi(x)\) represents the probability that a normal random variable is less than or equal to \(x\). For a standard normal distribution \(X\), the mean is 0.
  • Therefore, the expectation of the CDF at \(x = 0\) is what we are interested in calculating.

Now, let's compute this:

  1. The CDF of a standard normal distribution at \(x = 0\) is \(\Phi(0)\).
  2. By definition of the standard normal distribution, \(\Phi(0) = 0.5\), because the standard normal distribution is symmetric around 0, and the area to the left of zero is exactly half.

Hence, the expected value \(E\left( \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}} \int_{-\infty}^{x} e^{-z^2/2} \mathrm{dz} \right)\) when \(x = 0\) is:

Therefore, the correct answer is \(\frac{1}{2}\).

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