Assertion (A) : The conduction in the Atrio-ventricular (AV) node is slow i.e. 0.05 m/sec, there is a delay of approx. 0.1 second before excitation spreads to the ventricles.
Reason (R) : AV node delay enables the atria to empty the blood present within them into the ventricles before these contract.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
Analyzing Assertion (A): AV Node Conduction Speed
The Assertion (A) states that conduction in the Atrio-ventricular (AV) node is slow, approximately 0.05 m/sec, leading to a delay of about 0.1 second before ventricular excitation.
This statement is physiologically correct. The AV node is characterized by its slow conduction velocity, which is crucial for normal heart function. The typical delay introduced by the AV node is indeed around 0.1 second.
Analyzing Reason (R): Purpose of AV Node Delay
The Reason (R) explains that this AV node delay allows the atria to fully contract and empty their blood into the ventricles prior to the ventricles contracting.
This explanation accurately describes the functional significance of the AV node delay. It ensures proper timing in the cardiac cycle, maximizing ventricular filling before the ventricles begin their powerful contraction (systole).
Evaluating the Relationship Between (A) and (R)
Assertion (A) describes a physiological event (slow conduction and delay at the AV node). Reason (R) explains the functional importance and consequence of this event (allowing complete atrial emptying).
Therefore, the reason provided (R) correctly explains why the slow conduction and delay mentioned in the assertion (A) are important and necessary components of efficient cardiac pumping.
Both statements are accurate, and (R) provides the correct functional explanation for (A).
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C. International Politics is an arena of conflicting self-interests
D. The ethics of international relations is situational ethics which is very different from private morality
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:Who among the following political thinkers consider the anarchical self help system to be a compelling factor for States to maximise their relative power positions?
