Galtung's Violence Tripartite Classification
Johan Galtung, a key figure in peace studies, proposed a framework to understand violence beyond direct physical harm. He classified violence into three interconnected types, which form his tripartite classification.
The Three Types of Violence:
- Structural Violence: This refers to harm caused by social structures and institutions that prevent people from meeting their basic needs or realizing their full potential. It's often indirect and embedded within the system, leading to unequal power relations and resource distribution.
- Personal Violence: This is direct, visible violence enacted by specific individuals or groups against others. It includes physical assault, verbal abuse, and warfare, representing the most commonly recognized form of violence.
- Cultural Violence: This encompasses aspects of culture, such as religion, ideology, language, and symbols, that are used to legitimize or justify both structural and personal violence. It makes direct and structural violence seem normal or even acceptable.
Galtung argued that these three forms of violence are often intertwined, with cultural violence legitimizing structural and personal violence, and structural violence creating conditions where personal violence is more likely.
Therefore, Galtung's eventual tripartite classification identifies violence as: Structural, Personal, and Cultural.
Important Questions from Conflict Resolution
In the context of industrial relations, match the items of List I with the items of List II and choose the correct answer from the code given below.
List - I
List - II
a
Conflict between managers and workers is normal and inescapable
i
Psychological approach
b
Both management and workers see each other as less reliable
ii
Pluralistic approach
c
There is a power relationship between the two classes
iii
Marxist approach
Which among the following is not a correct statement ?
- The unitary approach to industrial relations views conflict as ________.
Which one of the followings is not a type of conflict?
- The pluralistic approach of industrial conflict is based on which one of the following basic assumption / premise ?
