Following systems do not accept Verbal Testimony as an independent pramāṇa :
Cārvāka, Buddhism, Vaiśeṣika
Indian schools differ on how many independent means of valid knowledge (pramāṇa) exist, and verbal testimony (śabda) is the most disputed after inference.
The Cārvāka accepts perception alone. Buddhism (Dignāga, Dharmakīrti) accepts only perception and inference and treats valid testimony as a form of inference. Vaiśeṣika likewise admits perception and inference only and reduces śabda to inference. All three therefore deny testimony an independent status.
Jainism accepts āgama (scriptural testimony) as a pramāṇa. Nyāya counts śabda among its four pramāṇas. Sāṅkhya counts āptavacana as its third pramāṇa beside perception and inference. Each of the other groups therefore contains at least one school that accepts testimony.
Cārvāka, Buddhism, Vaiśeṣika option is correct.
Similar Questions
Match the pairs of System of philosophy with the Theory of Error accepted by the system, and choose the correct option:
System of philosophy: (i) Kumarila Bhatta (ii) Prabhakara (iii) Advaita-Vedanta (iv) Nyaya
Theory of Error: (a) Anirvacaniyakhyati (b) Viparitakhyati (c) Anyathakhyati (d) Akhyati
"By knowing one combination of clay, everything made of clay is known. Name and form is just linguistic expression and a transformation. Clay is the truth." This metaphor of clay is used for explaining Brahman as the material cause in the following Upanisad:
According to Carvaka materialism:
The correct order of the first four links in the 12 linked chain of Dependent Origination is:
According to Vaisesikas the relation called Samavaya does not obtain between:
According to the Samkhya system in Samkhyakarika, the group of eleven consisting of five sense organs, five motor organs and manas arises directly from:
The specific sense in which the term karma is used in Jainism is:
Isvara according to the Yogasutra of Patanjali is the Purusa:
According to the early Nyaya definition of perception, perceptual knowledge arises from the contact between:
According to Prabhakara Mimamsa absence of a pot from the floor:
Important Questions from Mixed Topic (MH-SET)
.................... is a client server application that identifies each host on the internet with a unique user-friendly name.
Every OS has a ................ or .......... which primarily resides in the main memory of the computer to perform some of the basic functions of the OS.
(i) Kernel
(ii) Interface
(iii) Nucleus
(iv) Compiler
Codes:
Which of the following are referred to as low level language?
(i) Machine language
(ii) Assembly language
(iii) High level language
(iv) Natural language
Codes:
Match the following:
List I List II (a) New York Public Library (i) Shelv AR (b) Miami University Augmented Research Group (ii) Smart library (c) Oula University Library (iii) Wolf Walk (d) North Carolina State University (iv) Find the future Codes:
Which part of the QR code represents the encoded data?
