Understanding GEAC: Full Form and Role

The question asks for the expansion of the acronym “GEAC”. Acronyms are abbreviations formed from the initial letters of a series of words. Knowing the full form of such terms is important in various fields, including biology and environmental science.

What does GEAC stand for?

GEAC is a key regulatory body in India concerning genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products. The correct full form of GEAC is the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee.

Functions of the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC)

The GEAC is the apex body constituted under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC), Government of India. Its primary role is to approve or disapprove activities involving genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and products derived from them. This includes:

• Approval of proposals relating to the release of genetically engineered organisms and products into the environment.
• This involves applications for experimental field trials and large-scale applications (commercial release) of GMOs.
• Evaluation of the environmental and health risks associated with GMOs.
• Ensuring compliance with safety guidelines for genetic engineering activities.

The committee comprises experts from various scientific disciplines and representatives from relevant ministries and departments.

Analyzing the Options

Let's look at the provided options:

• Option 1: Genetic and Environmental Advisory Committee - Incorrect. While GEAC deals with environmental aspects, this is not the official name.
• Option 2: Gene Establishment Approval Committee - Incorrect. The term "Establishment" is not part of the official name.
• Option 3: Genetic Engineering Advisory Committee - Incorrect. GEAC is an "Approval" committee, not just an "Advisory" one. It has the power to approve or reject.
• Option 4: Genetic Engineering Approval Committee - This is the correct and widely recognized full form of GEAC.

Therefore, the expansion of GEAC is the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee.

Revision Table: Key GEAC Details

Additional Information on Genetic Engineering and Regulation

Genetic engineering involves manipulating an organism's genes using biotechnology. While it offers potential benefits in areas like agriculture (e.g., GM crops), pharmaceuticals, and medicine, it also raises concerns about potential risks to the environment and human health. Regulatory bodies like GEAC are crucial for assessing these risks and ensuring that genetic engineering activities are conducted safely and responsibly.

The regulatory framework for genetically modified organisms in India is governed by the "Rules for the Manufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storage of Hazardous Microorganisms/Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells, 1989" notified under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. GEAC functions as the main body under these rules responsible for approving field trials and commercial release of GMOs.