Epidemic Dropsy Cause Identified
Epidemic dropsy is a non-infectious disease that primarily affects the legs, causing swelling (edema). It is caused by the consumption of edible oils contaminated with the seeds of the plant Argemone mexicana.
Key Culprit: Argemone Poisoning
The contamination of cooking oils with Argemone seeds or their oil is the direct cause of Epidemic dropsy. The seeds contain toxic alkaloids, primarily sanguinarine and chelerythrine.
- Mechanism: These alkaloids interfere with cellular processes and can damage blood vessels, leading to fluid accumulation and swelling, particularly in the lower extremities.
- Symptoms: Symptoms include leg swelling, fever, gastrointestinal issues, and sometimes cardiovascular problems.
Distinguishing from Other Poisons
The other options represent different types of poisoning:
- Dhatura poisoning: Caused by plants in the Datura genus, leading to delirium, hallucinations, and anticholinergic effects.
- Aluminium phosphide poisoning: Ingested typically as a pesticide; causes severe gastrointestinal distress, shock, and multi-organ failure.
- Organophosphorus poisoning: Occurs from insecticides, affecting the nervous system and causing symptoms like salivation, muscle weakness, and respiratory distress.
Epidemic dropsy is specifically and uniquely linked to Argemone poisoning.
Important Questions from Chemical Poisoning
Consider the following statements regarding organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDN) :
1. It is a rare complication and occurs 2 - 3 weeks after acute exposure.
2. It is a feature of poisoning with certain organophosphorus compounds such as triorthocresyl phosphate.
3. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase causes motor polyneuropathy with no evidence of sensory loss.
4. There is no specific therapy although regular physiotherapy may limit deformity caused by muscle wasting.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- The toxic effects of aluminium phosphide is due to the release of:
- Use of calcium carbide for the artificial ripening of fruits is banned but it is often reported to be illegally used. What is/are the likely health hazards of exposure to this chemical?
1. Permanent damage to the eyes
2. Pulmonary edema
3. Irritation of mouth, throat and nose
Select the correct answer using the codes given below: - Which of the following statements is correct regarding Malachite that is used as food adulterant?
Which of the following parts of the human body can be used as a sample/samples for the presence of mercury?
1. Blood
2. Hair
3. Nail
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
