Understanding the Foundation of the Bahmani Empire

The question asks about the empire founded by Hasan Gangu in the year 1347. This refers to a significant historical event in the Deccan region of India during the medieval period. Identifying the correct empire requires knowledge of the major kingdoms that emerged in the Deccan following the decline of the Delhi Sultanate's control.

Hasan Gangu, whose full name was Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah, was the founder of a prominent kingdom in South India. He established his rule after revolting against the Delhi Sultanate under Muhammad bin Tughluq.

Analyzing the Options

Let's examine the given options:

• Sangama: The Sangama dynasty was the first ruling dynasty of the Vijayanagar Empire. The Vijayanagar Empire was founded around 1336 by Harihara I and Bukka Raya I. While contemporary to the empire founded by Hasan Gangu, it was founded by different rulers.
• Bahmani: The Bahmani Sultanate, or Bahmani Kingdom, was founded by Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah, also known as Hasan Gangu, in 1347. He established the kingdom's capital at Gulbarga. This aligns directly with the information provided in the question.
• Kakatiya: The Kakatiya dynasty ruled parts of the modern-day Telangana and Andhra Pradesh regions before the rise of the Delhi Sultanate's power in the Deccan. Their rule ended in the early 14th century, before 1347.
• Vijayanagar: As mentioned under Sangama, the Vijayanagar Empire was founded by Harihara I and Bukka Raya I in 1336. Although it was a major contemporary power in the Deccan, it was not founded by Hasan Gangu.

Identifying the Correct Empire

Based on historical records, Hasan Gangu is credited with establishing the Bahmani Kingdom in 1347. He was a rebel against the Delhi Sultanate and carved out an independent state in the Deccan. The kingdom he founded is known as the Bahmani Sultanate.

Therefore, the empire founded by Hasan Gangu in 1347 was the Bahmani Empire.

Conclusion

The historical evidence clearly indicates that Hasan Gangu founded the Bahmani Empire in 1347.

Revision Table: Medieval Deccan Kingdoms

Additional Information: The Bahmani Sultanate

The Bahmani Sultanate was a powerful Shia Muslim kingdom of the Deccan in South India. It emerged as a major independent state following rebellions against the Delhi Sultanate's rule in the region. Hasan Gangu, its founder, took the title Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah. The kingdom was often in conflict with its southern neighbor, the Vijayanagar Empire. The rivalry between these two kingdoms significantly shaped the history of the Deccan for over two centuries. The Bahmani Sultanate eventually fragmented into five smaller sultanates, collectively known as the Deccan Sultanates (Bijapur, Golconda, Ahmadnagar, Bidar, and Berar).