Damage to which part of the brain is most likely to cause immediate disruption of breathing and heartbeat?
Medulla oblongata
The medulla oblongata, part of the hindbrain/brainstem, contains the respiratory, cardiac and vasomotor centres.
It controls involuntary actions such as breathing, heartbeat and blood pressure, so damage to it can stop these functions immediately.
The cerebrum handles thinking and voluntary actions, the cerebellum controls balance and posture, and the hypothalamus regulates temperature, hunger and hormones.
Hence, damage to the medulla oblongata is most likely to disrupt breathing and heartbeat.
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