Note: 1K=$2^{10}$
Initial Memory State
The system starts with the following memory holes:
- 20 KB
- 4 KB
- 25 KB
- 18 KB
- 7 KB
- 9 KB
- 15 KB
- 12 KB
Process P1 Allocation (16 KB) using Best-Fit
The Best-Fit algorithm selects the smallest hole that is large enough to accommodate the process.
- Holes large enough for P1 (>= 16 KB): 20 KB, 25 KB, 18 KB.
- The smallest among these is the 18 KB hole.
- P1 is allocated 16 KB from the 18 KB hole.
- The remaining size of this hole becomes: $18 \text{ KB} - 16 \text{ KB} = 2 \text{ KB}$.
Memory state after P1 allocation:
- 20 KB
- 4 KB
- 25 KB
- 2 KB (updated from 18 KB)
- 7 KB
- 9 KB
- 15 KB
- 12 KB
Process P2 Allocation (9 KB) using Best-Fit
The Best-Fit algorithm is applied again for P2.
- Current holes: {20, 4, 25, 2, 7, 9, 15, 12} KB.
- Holes large enough for P2 (>= 9 KB): 20 KB, 25 KB, 9 KB, 15 KB, 12 KB.
- The smallest among these is the 9 KB hole.
- P2 is allocated 9 KB from the 9 KB hole.
- The remaining size of this hole becomes: $9 \text{ KB} - 9 \text{ KB} = 0 \text{ KB}$. This hole is effectively removed.
Memory state after P2 allocation:
- 20 KB
- 4 KB
- 25 KB
- 2 KB
- 7 KB
- 15 KB
- 12 KB
Counting Holes Less Than 8 KB
Identify and count the holes with a size strictly less than 8 KB from the final list.
- Final Holes: {20, 4, 25, 2, 7, 15, 12} KB.
- Holes less than 8 KB are: 4 KB, 2 KB, and 7 KB.
- Total count = 3.
The number of holes of size less than 8 KB after allocating P1 and P2 is 3.
Important Questions from Memory Management
Which of the following is the main function of the memory management system?
1. It keeps track of which parts of the memory are currently in use.
II. When memory is available, it allocates memory to the programs to be loaded.
How many address lines and input-output data lines are needed in a 2k × 16 memory unit?
Suppose you have eight 'black and white' images taken with a 1‐megapixel camera and one '8‐color' image taken by an 8‐megapixel camera. How much hard disk space in total do you need to store these images on your computer?
Computational circuitry in a CPU is referred to as the ____________
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Major advantage of DRAM is that the capacitor cell never loses its charge and hence there is no need to refresh periodically.
Reason R: When DRAM is being refreshed, the data cannot be accessed.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below
