Read the passage and answer the following questions : Engineering measurement techniques have made substantial contributions in the accurate determinations of various physiological parameters, that give useful information to clinicians to detect the mal-functioning of the system being measured and also aid in proper diagnosis and patient care. Some of the biomedical instruments may be designed and developed for a particular specialised requirement but a majority of them are adaptations of widely used physical measuring devices. For monitoring the temperature of biomedical subjects, a thermister device is generally used along with a suitable bridge circuit in which the terminal device may be a voltmeter, calibrated in terms of degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Blood pressure is measured by
Sphygmomanometer
The instrument. Blood pressure is measured with a sphygmomanometer — from the Greek sphygmos, meaning pulse. It consists of an inflatable cuff wrapped round the upper arm, a bulb or pump to inflate it, and a pressure gauge (mercury column, aniseroid dial or electronic sensor).
How the measurement works. The cuff is inflated until it stops the flow in the brachial artery, then slowly released while the operator listens with a stethoscope:
The first tapping sounds — Korotkoff sounds — appear when the cuff pressure falls just below the peak arterial pressure and blood spurts through turbulently. That reading is the systolic pressure.
The sounds disappear when the cuff no longer restricts the artery at all, giving the diastolic pressure. A normal adult reads about 120/80 mm Hg.
Why the other options are wrong.
A plain manometer is the general-purpose instrument for measuring pressure by the height of a liquid column. A sphygmomanometer contains one, but the manometer alone has no cuff and no way to occlude an artery, so it cannot make the measurement — that is the distinction the question is drawing.
A viscometer measures the viscosity of a fluid, not its pressure.
An air bubbler system measures the level of a liquid in a tank, by sensing the pressure needed to force bubbles out of a submerged tube — an industrial technique, unrelated to blood pressure.
The wider point the passage makes. This is a good example of its central claim: the sphygmomanometer is an adaptation of an ordinary physical pressure-measuring device to a specialised physiological requirement, rather than a wholly new invention.
Hence, blood pressure is measured by a sphygmomanometer.
Similar Questions
Read the following statements regarding errors in measurement :
(a) Gross errors are mostly due to lack of knowledge and care on the part of the experimenter.
(b) Systematic errors are mostly caused by inherent short-comings of the instruments and components used in measurement.
(c) Random errors are due to sources and causes that cannot be specified for their effects with.
(d) Gross and systematic errors are non-correctable.
Which of the above are correct ?
Assertion (A) : In a well-type manometer, ratio of cross-sectional areas of well and the tube is not the factor that determines the scale of the manometer.
Reason (R) : Accuracy of a manometer is not affected by the shape or size of the tubes.
Electrocardiogram is a graphical representation of electrical activity of heart muscle myocardium, in the form of
For the quantitative measurement of acidity or alkalinity, the instrument used is
The amplitude of an electrocardiograph signal is usually of the order of
In the bio-electric phenomenon, ERG is used to detect
An ammeter of 1 mA possesses a resistance of 100 ohms. This ammeter is to be converted into 1A ammeter. The value of shunt resistance required will be :
Followings is the sequence of blocks in spectrum Analyser :
A. Detector & video Amplifier
B. Fixed Frequency Active filter
C. Attenuator (Adjustable)
D. Mixer & Tunable Detector
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Read the following statements regarding biomedical instrumentations :
(a) Sphygmos is used for blood pressure measurement.
(b) EMG represents a record of the electrical activity of the brain.
(c) ERG represents the record of potential from the retina.
(d) ECG represents the record of electrical activity of brain.
Which of the above statements are correct ?
Optical pyrometers are used to measure :
Important Questions from Miscellaneous
The ration of the number of girls and boys in a school is 8 : 7. If the percentage increase in the number of girls and boys is 10% and 20% respectively, what will be the new ratio?
The cheapest means of transport is:
The property of Catenation is most readily predominant in:
Which newspaper edited by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, was one of the strongest critics of the British rule?
Which of the following is NOT a cause of food and water contamination?
