Understanding Early Indian Political Organizations

The late 19th century saw the rise of several political organizations in India. These groups played a crucial role in shaping the national movement and demanding reforms from the British government. Understanding the chronological order of their establishment helps us trace the evolution of political consciousness and organized resistance in the country.

Establishment Years of Key Indian Political Groups

To arrange the given political organizations chronologically, we need to know the year each one was founded. Let's look at the establishment year for each organization mentioned in the question:

• (i) The Madras Mahajan Sabha: This organization was founded in 1884 by M. Veeraraghavachariar, G. Subramania Iyer, and P. Anandacharlu. It was an important body in Madras Presidency focusing on local political issues.
• (ii) The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha: Established in 1867, this was one of the earliest socio-political organizations in British India. It was founded by figures like S. H. Chiplunkar, Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi, and Mahadev Govind Ranade.
• (iii) The Indian Association: Founded in 1876 by Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose, the Indian Association of Calcutta was a prominent pre-Congress political body that aimed to represent the educated middle class and promote a sense of national unity.
• (iv) The Bombay Presidency Association: This organization was formed in 1885 by prominent leaders like Pherozeshah Mehta, K.T. Telang, and Badruddin Tyabji. It was established just before the Indian National Congress was founded in Bombay in the same year.

Summarizing the Establishment Years

Here is a summary of the organizations and their founding years:

Chronological Arrangement of Political Organizations

Now, let's arrange these organizations based on their establishment year, from the earliest to the latest:

1. The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha (1867)
2. The Indian Association (1876)
3. The Madras Mahajan Sabha (1884)
4. The Bombay Presidency Association (1885)

The corresponding codes for this chronological order are: (ii), (iii), (i), (iv).

Comparing with Options

We need to find the option that matches the chronological order (ii), (iii), (i), (iv).

• Option 1: (iii), (iv), (i), (ii) - Incorrect
• Option 2: (ii), (iv), (iii), (i) - Incorrect
• Option 3: (ii), (iii), (i), (iv) - Correct
• Option 4: (iii), (iv), (ii), (i) - Incorrect

The chronological order of the establishment of these political organizations is The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha (1867), The Indian Association (1876), The Madras Mahajan Sabha (1884), and The Bombay Presidency Association (1885).

Revision Table: Indian Political Organizations

Additional Information on Early Political Bodies

These early political organizations served as precursors to the Indian National Congress, which was founded in 1885. They played a vital role in:

• Mobilizing public opinion on political and social issues.
• Representing the demands and grievances of the educated Indians to the British government.
• Promoting political consciousness and a sense of unity among Indians across different regions.
• Preparing the ground for a larger national-level movement.

While some of these organizations continued to exist and work on regional issues, the Indian National Congress soon became the most prominent political platform at the national level.