A. Calcium oxide
B. Calcium hydroxide
C. Dolomite
D. Calcite
E. Basic Slag
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
The neutralizing value, expressed as Calcium Carbonate Equivalent (CCE %), indicates a liming material's capacity to neutralize soil acidity compared to pure calcium carbonate ($\text{CaCO}_3$). A higher CCE % signifies greater neutralizing power per unit weight.
The CCE % is calculated based on the chemical composition and molecular weights. Theoretical and typical CCE % values are:
| Material | Chemical Formula / Type | Approx. CCE % |
|---|---|---|
| A. Calcium oxide | $\text{CaO}$ | 178.5% |
| B. Calcium hydroxide | $\text{Ca(OH)}_2$ | 135.0% |
| C. Dolomite | $\text{CaCO}_3 \cdot \text{MgCO}_3$ | ~108.6% (Theoretical for pure) |
| D. Calcite | $\text{CaCO}_3$ | 100.0% (Baseline) |
| E. Basic Slag | Variable byproduct | ~50% (Typical value) |
To determine the increasing order of CCE %, compare the values:
The order of materials from lowest to highest CCE % is: E < D < C < B < A
This corresponds to: Basic Slag < Calcite < Dolomite < Calcium hydroxide < Calcium oxide.
Morgenthau's principles of political realism are:
A. Politics is rooted in permanent and unchanging human nature which is basically self centred, self-regarding and self-interested
B. Politics is an autonomous sphere of action and cannot therefore be reduced to morals
C. International Politics is an arena of conflicting self-interests
D. The ethics of international relations is situational ethics which is very different from private morality
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Who among the following political thinkers consider the anarchical self help system to be a compelling factor for States to maximise their relative power positions?