A trader purchased 15 articles. He sold some of them to a first customer at a gain of 4% and the remaining to another customer at a gain of 7%. If he gains 5% on the whole, how many articles did he sell to the first customer?
10
Use alligation on the gain percentages: articles sold at 4% and at 7% average out to an overall gain of 5%.
Ratio (4% lot : 7% lot) = (7 – 5) : (5 – 4)
= 2 : 1
Articles sold to the first customer = 15 × 2/3
= 10
Check: With cost ₹1 each, gain = 10 × 0.04 + 5 × 0.07 = 0.40 + 0.35 = 0.75, and 0.75 ÷ 15 = 5%, which matches.
Hence, 10.
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