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Question

The Earth's equatorial region bulges outward, but the Earth flattens slightly towards the polar regions due to the:

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NDA 2 2026 GAT Question Paper (13-Sep-2026)
The correct answer is

Earth's rotational force

The Earth's equatorial bulge and polar flattening result from its rotation: the centrifugal effect of the daily spin about its own axis is strongest at the equator, where the tangential rotational speed is greatest, pushing mass outward there, while it has no effect at the poles, which lie on the axis itself and therefore flatten slightly. This is why the Earth is an oblate spheroid rather than a perfect sphere. Hence, the cause is the Earth's rotational force.

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