Who proposed the theory of competitive advantage ?
Michael Porter
The theory of competitive advantage was proposed by Michael Porter in his book 'The Competitive Advantage of Nations' (1990). It explains national competitiveness through the Diamond Model: factor conditions; demand conditions; related and supporting industries; and firm strategy, structure and rivalry, along with the roles of chance and government.
David Ricardo proposed the theory of comparative advantage (1817), Adam Smith proposed the theory of absolute advantage (1776), and Bruce Kogut is known for work on value-added chains and international strategy rather than this theory.
Hence, the answer is Michael Porter.
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