The archaeological site 'Arikamedu', an ancient Roman trading post, was excavated by:
Sir Robert Eric Mortimer Wheeler was a prominent British archaeologist. He conducted significant excavations at Arikamedu near Puducherry (formerly Pondicherry) in 1945.
His work at Arikamedu provided crucial evidence of trade links between India and the Roman Empire during the early centuries CE. Specifically, finds like amphorae, Roman lamps, and Arretine ware confirmed its status as an important port.
While other archaeologists like H.D. Sankalia also contributed significantly to Indian archaeology, Mortimer Wheeler is credited with the key excavations at Arikamedu that established its historical importance.