The question asks to identify the political leader who popularized the slogan, "Ek desh mein do Vidhan, do Pradhan aur Do Nishan nahi chalenge." This slogan was a significant political statement during India's post-independence era.
The slogan "Ek desh mein do Vidhan, do Pradhan aur Do Nishan nahi chalenge" translates to "Two constitutions, two heads of state, and two emblems will not function in one country." It was a powerful call against the special status granted to Jammu and Kashmir under Article 370 of the Indian Constitution, advocating for full integration of the state with India.
Shyama Prasad Mukherjee, the founder of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, was the prominent leader who advanced this slogan. He strongly opposed the constitutional arrangements that gave Jammu and Kashmir a separate constitution and a separate head of state (Sadar-i-Riyasat), distinct from the rest of India. Mukherjee's movement aimed for "Ek Pradeshi Ek Videsh" (One Nation, One Law).
Therefore, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee is credited with raising this slogan as part of his campaign for national integration and the complete unification of India.
The correct option is Shyama Prasad Mukherjee.
| I | II |
| I. Annie Besant | First Indian woman to become Congress President in 1925 |
| II. Badruddin Tyabji | First Muslim President of Congress in 1887 |
| III. Mahatma Gandhi | Presided over the Belgaum session of Congress in 1924 |
| IV. Syed Ahmed Khan | Earned the knighthood in 1888 |