Which process is carried out by Azotobacter bacteria in the soil as part of the nitrogen cycle?
Conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia
Azotobacter is a free-living, aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacterium found in soil.
Using the enzyme nitrogenase, it converts atmospheric nitrogen gas (N2) into ammonia (NH3) — biological nitrogen fixation.
Nitrates to nitrogen gas is denitrification (e.g. Pseudomonas); ammonia to nitrites is nitrification by Nitrosomonas.
Hence, Azotobacter carries out the conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia.
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