Cryptosporidiosis: Identifying the Incorrect Statement

This question asks to identify the statement about cryptosporidiosis that is NOT correct. Let's analyze each option:

1. Transmission Route Analysis

• Statement: Infection is acquired by feco-oral route.
• Analysis: This is correct. Cryptosporidiosis is primarily transmitted through the ingestion of oocysts from contaminated water or food, or via direct fecal-oral contact.

2. Illness Severity in Immunocompetent Individuals

• Statement: It is usually a mild self-limiting illness in immunocompetent patients.
• Analysis: This is correct. In individuals with a healthy immune system, cryptosporidiosis typically causes diarrhea that resolves on its own within a few weeks.

3. Opportunistic Nature in HIV

• Statement: In HIV infected persons it is a serious opportunistic infection.
• Analysis: This is correct. In individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those with advanced HIV/AIDS, cryptosporidiosis can lead to severe, chronic, and potentially life-threatening diarrhea.

4. Treatment Medication Analysis

• Statement: Treatment is with metronidazole.
• Analysis: This statement is INCORRECT. Metronidazole is effective against certain protozoa like Giardia and Entamoeba, but it is generally NOT effective against Cryptosporidium. The primary treatment for cryptosporidiosis, especially in immunocompromised individuals, is often nitazoxanide. In many cases, especially in immunocompetent patients, treatment focuses on supportive care like rehydration, as the illness is self-limiting.

Conclusion on Incorrect Statement

Based on the analysis, the statement that treatment is with metronidazole is incorrect.