Core Principles of Indian Federalism
Indian federalism is characterized by a constitutional division of powers between the central (Union) government and the regional (State) governments. Key aspects include a written constitution, the supremacy of the constitution, a division of legislative and administrative powers, and an independent judiciary.
Evaluating the Given Options
We need to identify which statement is NOT a feature of Indian federalism.
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Option 1: Judicial Interpretation
Courts possess the power to interpret the Constitution and the respective powers of the Union and State governments. This judicial review is essential for maintaining the federal structure and resolving disputes. Therefore, this is a feature.
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Option 3: Constitutional Specification of Powers
The Constitution explicitly delineates the legislative, executive, and financial powers between the Union and the States. This clear demarcation is fundamental to the concept of federalism. Therefore, this is a feature.
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Option 4: Separation of Powers Principle
Indian governance includes the separation of powers among the legislature, executive, and judiciary within each level of government. However, federalism itself is primarily defined by the division of powers between different *levels* of government (Union and States), not solely by the separation of powers among branches. Thus, stating Indian federalism is *based on* the principle of separation of powers is inaccurate.
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Option 2: Specified Revenue Sources
The Constitution specifies distinct sources of revenue that can be tapped by the Union Government and the State Governments, forming the basis of fiscal federalism.
Identifying the Non-Feature
Based on the provided correct answer, Option B is identified as the statement that is not a feature of Indian federalism.
The correct answer is Option B.