Understanding Article 51A of the Indian Constitution

The question asks about the specific content included in Article 51A, which is part of Part-IV A of the Constitution of India. This part was added later to the Constitution.

Content of Article 51A

Article 51A was inserted into the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, upon the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee. This article is titled "Fundamental duties". It lists certain duties for the citizens of India. Originally, there were 10 fundamental duties. Later, another duty was added by the 86th Amendment Act, 2002, related to education. Thus, Article 51A contains the list of eleven Fundamental Duties that Indian citizens are expected to perform.

Therefore, the correct answer is that Fundamental Duties are included in Article 51A (Part-IV A) of the Constitution of India.

Why Other Options are Incorrect

Let's look at the other options provided and see why they are not included in Article 51A:

• Suspension of Fundamental Rights: Provisions related to the suspension of Fundamental Rights during emergencies are dealt with in Part XVIII of the Constitution, specifically Articles 358 and 359. This is separate from Article 51A.
• Special Powers of Governors: The powers and functions of Governors of states are described in Part VI of the Constitution, specifically in Articles 153 to 167, among others. There are no special powers of governors mentioned in Article 51A.
• Writs: The power of the Supreme Court to issue writs for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights is granted under Article 32 (Part III), while the power of High Courts to issue writs is under Article 226. Writs are legal instruments used by courts, and they are not covered in Article 51A.

Based on the constitutional structure and the content of Article 51A, it is clear that Fundamental Duties are the subject matter of this article.

Revision Table: Key Constitutional Concepts

Additional Information on Fundamental Duties

Fundamental Duties are not legally enforceable in the same way as Fundamental Rights, but they are considered important for promoting a sense of discipline and commitment among citizens. They serve as a reminder to citizens that while enjoying their rights, they also have certain duties towards society, the nation, and their fellow citizens. The original 10 duties cover aspects like respecting the Constitution, cherishing noble ideals, promoting harmony, protecting the environment, and developing scientific temper. The 11th duty, added later, emphasizes the duty of parents or guardians to provide educational opportunities to their child between the age of six and fourteen years.