1. Women who have had a baby weighing more than 4.5 kg
2. People over 40 years of age
3. People with family history of diabetes
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
1 and 2 only
Target Population for Diabetes Screening
Screening for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is risk-based (opportunistic) screening, targeted at individuals who fall into recognised high-risk categories rather than the entire population. The accepted target groups, as per standard public health/community medicine screening criteria, are those with a demonstrable, well-established epidemiological link to future diabetes risk.
Evaluating Each Statement
- Statement 1 — Women who have had a baby weighing more than 4.5 kg (CORRECT): Delivery of a macrosomic infant is a recognised marker of unmasked or undiagnosed gestational glucose intolerance. Such women carry a substantially elevated lifetime risk of developing overt T2DM and are explicitly listed as a target group for screening.
- Statement 2 — People over 40 years of age (CORRECT): Age is a well-established non-modifiable risk factor for T2DM, with incidence rising sharply after the fourth decade of life due to progressive decline in insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function. Age-based screening (generally from 30–40 years onward) is a core, universally accepted criterion in every major screening protocol.
- Statement 3 — People with family history of diabetes (INCORRECT in this context): While a family history of diabetes does raise an individual's genetic susceptibility, it is not, by itself, listed among the defined target population criteria used for organised opportunistic screening programmes. It is considered a contributory/associated risk factor that is assessed alongside other criteria (such as obesity, hypertension, or age), rather than an independent, stand-alone indication that triggers screening on its own. Hence it cannot be combined with statements 1 and 2 to form the correct code.
Conclusion
Only statements 1 and 2 correctly identify the defined target population for diabetes screening. Statement 3, though describing a genuine associated risk factor, does not independently qualify as a target-population criterion in this classification.
Correct Option
1 and 2 only
Important Questions from Preventive Medicine
Consider the following statement :
"The people should seek to preserve their traditional eating patterns and life-styles associated with low levels of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)."
Which level of prevention is implied in this statement?
- Which of the following criteria must be met by a disease before it is to be considered suitable for a screening programme?
1. The natural history of the disease should be adequately understood.
2. No effective treatment should exist for the disease.
3. The disease should not have a recognizable latent or asymptomatic stage.
4. There should be a test that can detect the disease prior to onset of signs and symptoms.
Select the correct answer using the code given below. - Determination of alpha-fetoprotein levels in maternal serum is a useful screening tool for
In primary immune response, how much more antigenic dose is required to induce IgG antibodies as against the induction of IgM antibodies?
- Which among the following is/are the examples of primordial prevention ?
1. Adopting healthy lifestyles from childhood
2. Immunization of infants
3. Screening of cervical cancer
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
