In accounts of concessions encouraging merchants to settle in the kasbas of Marwar, exemption from which transit or sales levies facilitated trade?
(a) Sair-dam
(b) Muqata
(c) Mapa-dam
(d) Rahdari
Select the correct answer.
(a), (c) and (d)
(a), (c) and (d). Sair-dam, mapa-dam and rahdari are listed as transit or sales levies from which merchants received exemptions. The concession was their remission or reduction; imposing the levies was not itself a free-trade facility.
According to the passage, which consequences were associated with land grants to Brahmans?
(i) They buttressed the position of rulers.
(ii) They were associated with agrarian expansion.
(iii) Rural society became increasingly stratified.
(iv) Land grants to religious institutions and persons first began around 600 CE.
Choose the correct answer.
The term 'early medieval' referred to here is indicated to have began around
| List - I | List - II |
| Scholars | Theories |
| A. R.E. Park and E. Burgess | I. Social Area Analysis |
| B. Homer Hoyt | II. Multi Centred model |
| C. R.J. Johnston | III. Sector theory |
| D. C. Harris and E. Ullman | IV. Concentric zone theory |