Question
Which of the following statements is/are correct ?
A. The probability of making a Type II error is often called alpha error
B. The effects size is the degree to which the null hypothesis is accepted
C. Psychologist Jacob Cohen first addressed the question of sample size
D. A significant statistical test simply tells the researcher that an observed result is probably not the result of chance or error
E. A one-tail test predicts that the result will fall only in one direction - either positive or negative
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
The correct answer is
C, D & E Only
Evaluating Statistical Statements
Let's analyze each statement to determine its correctness:
- Statement A: The probability of making a Type II error is commonly denoted by $\beta$. The probability of making a Type I error (rejecting a true null hypothesis) is denoted by $\alpha$. Therefore, statement A is incorrect.
- Statement B: Effect size quantifies the magnitude of a phenomenon or the difference between groups. It indicates the strength of the observed effect, not the degree to which the null hypothesis is accepted. Accepting the null hypothesis is related to statistical non-significance, not the effect size itself. Thus, statement B is incorrect.
- Statement C: Jacob Cohen made significant contributions to statistics in psychology, particularly regarding statistical power, effect size, and the determination of sample sizes. He highlighted the importance of these concepts in research design. Therefore, statement C is correct.
- Statement D: A significant statistical test suggests that the observed result is unlikely to be due to random chance or error. It indicates that the result is statistically meaningful. Hence, statement D is correct.
- Statement E: A one-tail test is used when a researcher predicts a specific direction (positive or negative) for the outcome. It tests if the result is significantly greater than or significantly less than a value, but not both simultaneously. Therefore, statement E is correct.
Conclusion on Correct Statements
Statements C, D, and E are correct based on standard statistical principles.
Identifying the Correct Option
The option that includes only the correct statements (C, D, and E) is Option 4.
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Important Questions from Hypothesis - Teaching
- Criteria for Hypotheses construction are
A. It should describe one issue only.
B. It should describe many issues.
C. It should specify variables between which the relationship is to be established.
D. It should be specific and precise.
E. It should be empirically testable, whether it is right or wrong.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: - Which of the following statements about hypothesis are True ?
A. Hypothesis is a proposition that is stated in a testable form
B. It predicts a relationship between two or more variables
C. It is essential to have a hypothesis in a research study
D. Null hypothesis is a hypothesis of no difference
Ε. Hypothesis brings clarity, specificity and focus to a study
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : - Identify the sources of hypothesis formulation.
A. Sampling method used for research
B. Reports of earlier research
C. Beliefs prevailing in the area of selected problem
D. Prior-experience of researcher in the area of selected problem
E. Type of population
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : - Which of the following are the essential characteristics of good research hypothesis?
A. It should be clear and precise.
B. It should be testable.
C. It should be based on ethical consideration.
D. It should be stated in general terms without specifics.
E. It should indicate a relationship between variables.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: - According to Wimmer and Dominick, a good research hypothesis should meet which of the following criteria?
A. It should contest current knowledge in the area
B. It should follow logical consistency
C. It should be in its most parsimonious form
D. It should be testable
E. It should be compatible with current knowledge in the area
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
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