A. It should be clear and precise.
B. It should be testable.
C. It should be based on ethical consideration.
D. It should be stated in general terms without specifics.
E. It should indicate a relationship between variables.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A research hypothesis is a specific, testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables in a study. It guides the research process and helps in designing the experiment or study. For a hypothesis to be considered 'good' or effective, it must possess certain essential characteristics.
Evaluating Hypothesis Characteristics
Let's examine the characteristics mentioned in the options to determine which ones are essential for a good research hypothesis:
Essential Characteristics
- Clarity and Precision (A): A good hypothesis must be stated clearly and precisely. This means it should be unambiguous, leaving no room for misinterpretation regarding the variables involved and the expected relationship. Vague hypotheses are difficult to test and interpret.
- Testability (B): This is a fundamental characteristic. A hypothesis must be empirically testable, meaning it can be verified or refuted through observation, experimentation, or data analysis. If a hypothesis cannot be tested, it has little scientific value.
- Indication of Relationship Between Variables (E): Hypotheses typically propose a connection or association between an independent variable (the one manipulated or observed) and a dependent variable (the one measured). Stating this proposed relationship makes the hypothesis specific and directional.
Characteristics That Are Not Essential
- Based on Ethical Considerations (C): While ethical considerations are paramount in conducting research, they are guidelines for the research *process*, not intrinsic characteristics of the hypothesis statement itself. A hypothesis might predict an outcome that needs ethical handling during testing, but the hypothesis statement's quality is judged by its clarity, testability, etc., not its ethical framing.
- Stated in General Terms Without Specifics (D): This is contrary to the requirement of clarity and precision. A good hypothesis needs to be specific enough to allow for measurable variables and concrete testing. General statements are often too broad to be scientifically evaluated.
Conclusion on Essential Traits
Based on the analysis, the essential characteristics that define a good research hypothesis are that it should be clear and precise, testable, and indicate a relationship between variables. Options A, B, and E represent these crucial attributes.
Important Questions from Hypothesis - Teaching
- Criteria for Hypotheses construction are
A. It should describe one issue only.
B. It should describe many issues.
C. It should specify variables between which the relationship is to be established.
D. It should be specific and precise.
E. It should be empirically testable, whether it is right or wrong.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: - Which of the following statements about hypothesis are True ?
A. Hypothesis is a proposition that is stated in a testable form
B. It predicts a relationship between two or more variables
C. It is essential to have a hypothesis in a research study
D. Null hypothesis is a hypothesis of no difference
Ε. Hypothesis brings clarity, specificity and focus to a study
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : - Identify the sources of hypothesis formulation.
A. Sampling method used for research
B. Reports of earlier research
C. Beliefs prevailing in the area of selected problem
D. Prior-experience of researcher in the area of selected problem
E. Type of population
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : - According to Wimmer and Dominick, a good research hypothesis should meet which of the following criteria?
A. It should contest current knowledge in the area
B. It should follow logical consistency
C. It should be in its most parsimonious form
D. It should be testable
E. It should be compatible with current knowledge in the area
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: - Which of the following statements is/are correct ?
A. The probability of making a Type II error is often called alpha error
B. The effects size is the degree to which the null hypothesis is accepted
C. Psychologist Jacob Cohen first addressed the question of sample size
D. A significant statistical test simply tells the researcher that an observed result is probably not the result of chance or error
E. A one-tail test predicts that the result will fall only in one direction - either positive or negative
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
