Cognitive development refers to the growth of a child's ability to think, learn, understand, problem-solve, and remember. It's about how their minds process information and make sense of the world around them.
Let's look at each option to see how it relates to cognitive development:
The ability to grasp and apply mathematical concepts is a direct indicator of a child's cognitive abilities. It requires the use of logic, memory, and problem-solving skills, which are central to cognitive growth.
| List I (Methods of child development) | List II (Appropriate explanations) |
| a. Structured observation | I. Method that measure the relationship between physiological process and behaviour. |
| b. Clinical interview | II. Observation of behaviour in a laboratory, where conditions are the same for all participants. |
| c. Psychophysiological method | III. Flexible interviewing procedure in which the investigator obtains a complete account of the participant's thought. |
| d. Ethnography | IV. Participant's observations of culture by making extensive field notes, the researcher tries to capture the cultures unique values and social processes. |