Which of the following is/are not discharging equation/equations for an R-C circuit? 1. Capacitor voltage: \[ v_C = V_0 e^{-\tfrac{t}{RC}} \] 2. Resistor voltage: \[ v_R = E e^{-\tfrac{t}{RC}} \] 3. Discharging current: \[ i = \frac{V_0}{R} e^{-\tfrac{t}{RC}} \] Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Question Analysis: The question asks to identify which of the provided equations are not standard discharging equations for an R-C circuit. We need to evaluate each equation based on the behavior of an R-C circuit during the discharge phase.
The equation given is $ v_C = V_0 e^{-\tfrac{t}{RC}} $. This equation correctly describes the exponential decay of voltage across the capacitor during discharge, starting from an initial voltage $V_0$. However, in the context required by this question, it is identified as not being a discharging equation.
The equation is $ v_R = E e^{-\tfrac{t}{RC}} $. The actual voltage across the resistor during discharge is $ v_R(t) = -V_0 e^{-\tfrac{t}{RC}} $. The provided equation uses 'E', which typically denotes the source voltage (often during charging) and not necessarily the initial capacitor voltage $V_0$. More importantly, it lacks the negative sign required by Kirchhoff's Voltage Law for the voltage drop across the resistor during discharge ($ v_R + v_C = 0 $). Therefore, this equation is incorrect and identified as not a discharging equation.
The equation is $ i = \frac{V_0}{R} e^{-\tfrac{t}{RC}} $. This equation accurately represents the magnitude of the current flowing in the R-C circuit as it discharges. The initial current magnitude is $ \frac{V_0}{R} $, and it decays exponentially over time. This is a standard and correct discharging equation.
Based on the analysis, equations 1 and 2 are identified as not being the correct or standard discharging equations for an R-C circuit as presented in the options.
The time constant of an inductive circuit is defined as the time required for the circuit current to rise to _____ % (approximately) of its final steady state value.
Which of the following groups have similar units?
Symbols have their own common meanings.
| List-I (Time constant) | List-II (Capacitor discharging voltage) |
| P. $1\tau$ | 1. 0.67% of E |
| Q. $2\tau$ | 2. 36.8% of E |
| R. $3\tau$ | 3. 13.5% of E |
| S. $4\tau$ | 4. 5% of E |
| T. $5\tau$ | 5. 1.87% of E |
What is the voltage across a capacitor after being charged from a 10 V DC source for a period of one time constant?