Absorption Dynamometer Identification

The question asks to identify which of the listed devices is an absorption type dynamometer. Dynamometers are instruments used to measure the power output of an engine or motor. They work by applying a load to the output shaft and measuring the torque and speed. There are two main categories: absorption dynamometers and transmission dynamometers.

• Absorption Dynamometers: These devices absorb the power output of the engine, typically converting it into heat through friction or fluid resistance. They provide a controllable load.
• Transmission Dynamometers: These devices measure the power being transmitted through a shaft or coupling without absorbing it. They are often inserted between the source and the driven load.

Analyzing Dynamometer Types

Let's examine each option to determine which one functions as an absorption type:

• Prony brake dynamometer: This is a classic example of an absorption dynamometer. It works by applying a frictional brake (like a band or blocks) around a rotating drum attached to the engine's flywheel or shaft. The friction creates a load, absorbing the engine's power and dissipating it as heat. The torque is measured using a lever arm and a weighing scale.

• Epicyclic-train dynamometer: This type utilizes epicyclic (planetary) gear trains to measure torque and speed. While it measures power, it's often considered a type of transmission dynamometer or is used in more complex power-measuring setups, rather than being a simple absorption device.

• Torsion dynamometer: This device measures torque by detecting the angle of twist (torsion) in a shaft connecting the engine and the load. It measures the power being transmitted and is classified as a transmission dynamometer.

• Belt transmission dynamometer: This type measures power transmitted through a belt drive system, usually by measuring belt tensions. It is a form of transmission dynamometer.

Conclusion on Absorption Type

Based on the analysis, the Prony brake dynamometer is the device that directly absorbs the engine's power output and converts it into heat, classifying it as an absorption type dynamometer.