Gupta Period Source Identification

The question asks to identify a primary literary source for the Gupta period from the given options. While the correct answer provided is an inscription, which is typically classified as an epigraphic source, it serves as a crucial primary document for understanding the Gupta era.

Allahabad Pillar Inscription Significance

The Allahabad Pillar Inscription of Samudragupta is a vital primary source detailing the reign and conquests of the Gupta emperor Samudragupta. It provides extensive information about his military campaigns, administrative policies, and cultural achievements, making it indispensable for studying the Gupta period.

Analysis of Other Options

The other options represent significant historical inscriptions but are not primary literary sources for the Gupta period:

• Nasik Prashasti of Gautamiputra Satakarni: This inscription relates to the Satavahana dynasty, which predates the Gupta period.
• Aihole Inscription of Pulakeshin II: This inscription pertains to the Western Chalukya king Pulakeshin II and belongs to a later period than the peak Gupta era.
• Hathigumpha Inscription of Kharavela: This inscription details the achievements of King Kharavela of Kalinga, dating to a period before the Guptas.

Therefore, the Allahabad Pillar Inscription of Samudragupta is the relevant primary source among the choices for the Gupta period, offering direct historical evidence.