Which of the following genetic causes are commonly associated with autism spectrum disorders? 1. Angelman syndrome 2. Fragile X syndrome 3. Tuberous sclerosis 4. Williams syndrome Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Common Genetic Causes of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Identifying the genetic factors commonly associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is crucial for understanding the condition.
Syndrome Associations with ASD
- Angelman syndrome (1): This condition is characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, and often includes behavioral issues that overlap with or include autism spectrum disorder.
- Fragile X syndrome (2): It is one of the most common inherited causes of intellectual disability and is strongly associated with autism spectrum disorder, with many individuals diagnosed with Fragile X also meeting criteria for ASD.
- Tuberous sclerosis (3): A genetic disorder that causes tumors to grow in the brain and other organs. A significant percentage of individuals with tuberous sclerosis also have autism spectrum disorder.
- Williams syndrome (4): While associated with developmental delays and distinct facial features, Williams syndrome is less frequently linked to autism spectrum disorder compared to the other listed syndromes.
Conclusion on Genetic Links
Based on clinical research and genetic studies, Angelman syndrome (1), Fragile X syndrome (2), and Tuberous sclerosis (3) are commonly associated with autism spectrum disorders.
Williams syndrome (4) is generally considered less commonly associated.
Selecting the Correct Code
The question asks to select the correct code representing the commonly associated genetic causes. The combination of 1, 2, and 3 aligns with the established links to ASD.
Therefore, the correct choice is the option listing 1, 2, and 3.
Important Questions from Autism and Counselling
- A 3-year-old boy presents with parental concerns regarding delayed development, especially speech. On observation, the clinician notes decreased eye contact, inattentiveness, unresponsive to being called and toe walking. What is the most likely diagnosis ?
- Atomoxetine is prescribed to children with Autism Spectrum Disorder to control symptoms of :
A 3-year old boy is brought with complaints of staying aloof. He also has delayed speech. Rest of the developmental milestones were attained normally. The most likely diagnosis is:
Which of the following drugs is NOT included in the management of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder?
- Consider the following behavioural conditions in a child of school age :
1. Fidgets with hands or squirms in seat
2. Easily distracted by extraneous stimuli
3. Often has difficulty awaiting turn
4. Does not seem to listen when spoken to directly
Which of the above diagnostic criteria are suggestive of Inattention (attention deficit) in a child ?
