1. Aggressive and refractory peptic ulceration
2. Unregulated gastrin release
3. Beta islet cell tumour of pancreas
4. Diarrhoea present in upto 50% cases
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome Features Explained
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) is a condition characterized by the presence of gastrinomas, which are neuroendocrine tumors typically found in the pancreas or duodenum. These tumors lead to excessive production of the hormone gastrin.
Analysis of Features:
- 1. Aggressive and refractory peptic ulceration: This is a hallmark feature. The excessive gastrin stimulates parietal cells in the stomach to produce large amounts of hydrochloric acid (HCl). This leads to severe, multiple, and treatment-resistant peptic ulcers, often in unusual locations like the jejunum.
- 2. Unregulated gastrin release: This is the defining characteristic of ZES, caused by the gastrinoma tumor, which continuously secretes gastrin independently of normal feedback mechanisms.
- 3. Beta islet cell tumour of pancreas: This statement is incorrect. While gastrinomas can be located in the pancreas, they are specifically gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumors, not beta islet cell tumors. Beta islet cells are primarily responsible for insulin production.
- 4. Diarrhoea present in upto 50% cases: This is a common symptom. The high levels of stomach acid can inactivate pancreatic digestive enzymes and damage the intestinal lining, leading to malabsorption and secretory diarrhoea.
Conclusion:
Based on the analysis, features 1, 2, and 4 accurately describe Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Feature 3 is incorrect due to inaccurate tumor cell classification.
Therefore, the correct combination is 1, 2, and 4.
Important Questions from Peptic Ulcer Disease
With regard to Helicobacter pylori eradication in peptic ulcer disease, consider the following statements:
1. Proton-pump inhibitor is taken with two antibiotics.
2. Treatment is prescribed for at least 7 days.
3. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection leads to vitamin B12 deficiency.
4. Patients requiring long-term NSAIDS should undergo Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy to reduce ulcer risk.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Which one of the following statements is correct with regard to peptic ulcer prophylaxis?
- The investigation of choice for early follow-up in patients treated for anti-$H.$ pylori drugs is
- The most common non-pancreatic site for tumour distribution in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is
- Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with the development of which one of the following lymphoid malignancies?
