The question asks to identify the education thinker who specifically highlighted the concept of 'Care Ethics'. Care Ethics is an approach to morality that emphasizes the importance of relationships, empathy, and mutual care. It focuses on the particular needs of individuals within relationships, rather than on universal principles.
Nel Noddings is widely recognized for her significant contributions to the field of education through the lens of Care Ethics. In her influential work, particularly the book Caring: A Feminine Approach to Ethics and Moral Education (1984), Noddings argued that caring—both caring for someone and caring about someone—should be central to the educational process. She believed that schools should nurture students' capacity for empathy and responsiveness, fostering a learning environment built on trust and attentiveness to individual needs. Her work contrasts with more traditional, justice-based ethical frameworks, suggesting that an ethic of care offers a more relational and humanistic foundation for education.
While other thinkers listed are important figures in education, they are not primarily associated with the development or emphasis of 'Care Ethics' in the way Nel Noddings is:
Based on the foundational work and specific focus on 'Care Ethics' within educational philosophy, Nel Noddings is the correct answer.
| LIST-I (Educational Philosophy) | LIST-II (Curriculum Focus) |
| A. Perennialism | I. Examination of social, economic and political problems, equality of educational opportunity |
| B. Progressivism | II. Constant curriculum, classical subjects, literary analysis |
| C. Essentialism | III. Interdisciplinary subject matter, activities and projects |
| D. Reconstructionism | IV. Mastering the skills, facts and concepts, back to basics movement |
| List - I | List - II |
|---|---|
| (a) Mitwelt | (i) A person exists in a given particular place at a particular time. Being conscious of it one can choose the direction of one’s life. |
| (b) Dasein | (ii) The experiences and meaning we share with others through our relationships |
| (c) Umwelt | (iii) Unique presence of human beings of self-awareness and self relatedness. |
| (d) Eigenwelt | (iv) The biological and natural environment for human beings and animals including biological needs, drives, and instincts. |
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Philosophy of idealism emphasises moral and spiritual development through physical education.
Reason R: Idealistic philosophy believes that the human body is more important than the mind.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
| List – I (Points of accent) | List – II (Schools of Philosophy) |
| (a) Education for eternal values | (i) Idealism |
| (b) Education for democracy | (ii) Realism |
| (c) Emphasis on mass production | (iii) Naturalism |
| (d) Scientific method | (iv) Pragmatism |
| (v) Existentialism | |
| (vi) Marxism |