The question asks to identify the benefits of E-governance from the given options.

Evaluating E-governance Benefits

Let's analyze each statement to determine if it represents a benefit of E-governance:

• (a) It makes government more accountable. E-governance enhances transparency through online access to information and processes, thereby increasing government accountability. This is a benefit.
• (b) It minimises people’s participation in government affairs. E-governance aims to *increase* citizen engagement via digital platforms, not minimize it. This is not a benefit.
• (c) It encourages bureaucratic tendencies. E-governance focuses on streamlining processes and reducing red tape, contradicting the encouragement of bureaucratic tendencies. This is not a benefit.
• (d) It lowers transaction costs. By digitizing services and reducing the need for physical interactions, E-governance significantly cuts down costs for both government and citizens. This is a benefit.
• (e) It helps in building trust between government and citizen. Increased transparency, efficiency, and accessibility fostered by E-governance contribute to building trust between citizens and the government. This is a benefit.

Identifying Correct Statements

Based on the analysis, the statements that correctly identify the benefits of E-governance are (a), (d), and (e).

Selecting the Correct Option

The option that includes only these correct statements is Option 4.

Therefore, the correct answer includes statements (a), (d), and (e).